Which sunscreen should I use?
Choose broad spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Broad spectrum covers UVA and UVB, a rare label phrase with the enviable property of saying what it means. SPF mainly reflects UVB sunburn protection, and higher SPF values provide more protection up to SPF 50. SPF is not a clock for time in the sun; UV exposure changes with the time of day and your location. In the UK, look for SPF 30 or higher and 4 star UVA protection.234
Use sunscreen alongside shade and clothing that covers your skin. Limit time in direct sun, especially between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., when rays are strongest. UV can reach your skin on cloudy days and in winter, and people of all skin colors can burn. Fair skin is more likely to burn under the same conditions. Some medicines increase sun sensitivity, so ask a health professional about sun precautions if you take medication.135
How should I apply sunscreen?
- 1Apply sunscreen about 15 minutes before going outdoors. If you wait until you are already in the sun, your skin is unprotected while the sunscreen takes effect.
- 2Cover all skin not covered by clothing. Most adults need about one ounce for the body, and the face needs at least one teaspoon. Remember your ears, nose, lips, neck, hands, tops of feet and exposed scalp or hairline.
- 3Reapply at least every two hours, and sooner after swimming or sweating. If you swim or sweat, choose a water resistant sunscreen and follow its label.
Directions vary by sunscreen form, so follow the label; the spray, stick and lotion have apparently declined to share an instruction manual.3
Can you get sunburned through sunscreen?
Yes. Sunscreen reduces UV exposure rather than blocking all of it, and water resistant does not mean waterproof. Water resistance is tested for 40 or 80 minutes in water, and sunscreen eventually washes off. Reapply after swimming or sweating, even if the product is water resistant.12
Why do I burn even when I wear sunscreen?
Common reasons include applying too little, missing an exposed area, not reapplying, or using expired sunscreen. Check your ears, nose, lips, neck, hands, feet and hairline, then check the expiration date and how long it has been since your last application. Strong midday sun also increases UV exposure, so add shade and clothing rather than relying on sunscreen alone.35
Does sunscreen work immediately after applying?
No. Apply it about 15 minutes before going outside so it has time to protect your skin. If you have already gone out, your skin is unprotected while the sunscreen takes effect, so move into shade and cover your skin.5
What if I still get sunburned?
Stay out of the sun until the redness has gone. Seek medical help if you feel unwell or the skin swells badly or blisters.4
