What is a face scrub?

Is a scrub the same as an exfoliator?

A scrub is one kind of exfoliator, not a separate requirement alongside exfoliation.12

What does a face scrub do?

Physical exfoliation removes the dead surface layer that can make skin look dull, improving its luster. It can also help unclog pores a little. Those are modest cosmetic benefits, not a reason to scrub harder. A scrub is not a wrinkle treatment, despite the considerable workload implied by the skincare aisle.1

As skin ages, the shedding of old cells slows down, which can reduce its glow. Skin also produces less oil and becomes thinner and more delicate. Gentle exfoliation can help skin look refreshed, but chemical exfoliation is a better option than physical exfoliation for aging skin. Removing surface cells and addressing age related changes are not the same job.3

Is face scrub good for your skin?

Oily, thicker skin can be better suited to mechanical exfoliation. Dry, sensitive or acne prone skin can find scrubs too irritating; a mild chemical exfoliator is an alternative. Avoid aggressive exfoliation if you have darker skin or develop dark spots after acne, burns or insect bites, because it can increase pigmentation.2

Rough cloths and gritty exfoliating cleansers can damage the skin's moisture barrier, the outer layer that keeps moisture in. More abrasion is not better cleansing. A mild, gentle cleanser is the basic choice for washing your face, without adding a polishing department.4

How do you use a face scrub?

1. 1Check your skin first. Do not exfoliate sunburned skin or areas with open cuts or wounds.
2. 2Apply the scrub gently in small circular motions for about 30 seconds.
3. 3Rinse thoroughly with lukewarm water, not hot water.
4. 4Apply moisturizer immediately afterwards, because exfoliation can dry your skin.

Exfoliation can make skin more prone to sunburn. Use a broad spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 every morning, including cloudy days and winter. Sunscreen belongs in the routine whether or not you choose to exfoliate.13

How often should you use a face scrub?

Do not exfoliate every day. Two or three times a week is an upper limit, not a target; skin needs time to repair between sessions. For aging skin, gentle exfoliation once or twice weekly is an option. Your schedule depends on your skin and the method, with more aggressive exfoliation used less often.123

Follow the product's directions rather than increasing the amount or frequency to chase a bigger effect. Too much exfoliant, or using it too often, can leave skin raw and irritated. Chemical exfoliation still requires restraint: being free of gritty particles does not make unlimited use a good idea.3

Should you scrub every time you wash your face?

No. For ordinary face washing, use a gentle cleanser without alcohol or abrasive particles. Wet your face with lukewarm water and apply cleanser with your fingertips. Washcloths and mesh sponges can irritate skin, and scrubbing adds irritation rather than improving the wash. Rinse with lukewarm water and pat dry with a soft towel. Limit washing to morning and evening, plus after heavy sweating; that washing schedule is not a scrub schedule.5

Can you use a scrub with retinol or acne products?

Retinol, prescription retinoid creams and benzoyl peroxide can increase sensitivity or peeling. Adding exfoliation can worsen dryness or trigger breakouts.2

Check the rest of your routine before adding another exfoliating product. Moisturizers can already contain retinol or exfoliating acids. Choose products that complement each other rather than doubling up on the same active ingredients across several bottles.4

When should you stop or get help?

Stop scrubbing if skin becomes irritated, inflamed or chapped. Rubbing too hard can cause irritant contact dermatitis, an irritated skin rash. A dermatologist can help you decide whether exfoliation suits your skin if you are unsure.12

If you have acne, do not scrub it: scrubbing can irritate skin and make acne worse. Use a gentle cleanser instead. See a doctor if acne is not improving with self treatment, involves lots of spots or deep painful lumps, or is leaving scars. Hot, swollen, red skin is also a reason to seek medical help; redness can be harder to see on brown and black skin.6